gre数学词汇:术语详解

2013-03-11 11:46:05 gre数学词汇

  1.有关数学运算 add,plus加?subtract减?difference差 ??multiply,times乘?product积?divide除divisible可被整除的?dividedevenly被整除 ?dividend被除数,红利?divisor因子,除数quotient商?remainder余数??factorial阶乘?power乘方 ?radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入?tothenearest四舍五入

  2.有关集合

  union  并集?proper subset真子集?solution set解集

  3.有关代数式、方程和不等式

  algebraic term 代数项?like terms,similar terms同类项?numericalcoefficient数字系数 ?literal coefficient字母系数??inequality不等式 triangleinequality三角不等式range值域??original equation原方程?equivalentequation同解方程,等价方程?linear equation线性方程 (e.g.5?x?+6=22)?

  4.有关分数和小数

  proper fraction真分数 ?improper fraction假分数?mixed number带分数?vulgarfraction,common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数?complexfraction繁分数?numerator分子?denominator分母? (least)commondenominator(最小)公分母?quarter四分之一?decimal fraction纯小数 ?infinitedecimal无穷小数?recurring decimal循环小数?tenthsunit十分位

  5.基本数学概念?

  arithmetic mean 算术平均值?weighted average加权平均值?geometricmean几何平均数?exponent指数,幂?base乘幂的底数,底边?cube立方数,立方体?squareroot平方根?cuberoot立方根??common logarithm常用对数??digit数字?constant常数?variable变量 inversefunction反函数?complementary function余函数?linear一次的,线性的 factorization因式分解?absolute value绝对值,e.g.|-32|= 32?roundoff四舍五入?

  6.有关数论?

  natural number自然数 ?positive number正数?negative number负数?oddinteger,odd number 奇数 ?even integer,even number偶数?integer,wholenumber整数?positive whole number 正整数?negative whole number负整数consecutivenumber连续整数?rea lnumber, rationalnumber实数,有理数?irrational(number)无理数??inverse倒数?composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……?prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意:所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数,但奇数不一定是质数reciprocal倒数??common divisor公约数?multiple倍数?(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数?(prime)factor(质)因子?commonfactor公因子  ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制?nonnegative非负的??tens十位?units个位??mode众数 ?median中数??common ratio公比?

  7.数列

  arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列?geometric progression(sequence)等比数列

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